{"id":86,"date":"2010-11-04T11:14:51","date_gmt":"2010-11-04T08:14:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/python.pingviinitiivul.ee\/?p=86"},"modified":"2010-11-04T17:52:23","modified_gmt":"2010-11-04T14:52:23","slug":"seitsmes-tund","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/python.pingviinitiivul.ee\/?p=86","title":{"rendered":"Seitsmes tund"},"content":{"rendered":"

Alustuseks \u00fcks s\u00f5rmk\u00fcbarat\u00e4is objektorienteerimist:
\n#!\/usr\/bin\/python
\n# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
\n#defineeritakse isik
\nclass isik:
\n   def ytleTere(self):
\n      print 'Tere, kuidas k\u00e4si k\u00e4ib?'
\n# siit l\u00f5ppes objekti definitsioon \u00e4ra ja programm alustab oma tavalisel moel
\np = isik()
\np.ytleTere()
\n# t\u00f6\u00f6tab ka: Person().ytleTere()<\/code><\/p>\n

Me oleme varem kasutanud juba objektorienteerimisest tulenevat keelt: n\u00e4iteks kuuluvad objektorienteerimise alla teksti \u00fcmberkodeerimine (tekst.encode(‘utf-8’)), faili kirjutamine fail.append moel jne.<\/p>\n

Edasi esimene graafiline programm, mis midagi joonistada suudab:<\/p>\n

#!\/usr\/bin\/python
\n# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
\nfrom Tkinter import * # siin haaratakse kaasa graafika Tkinter paketist
\n# Tk peafunktsioon
\njuur = Tk()
\n# loetakse lisaseaded failist, peabki olema v\u00e4ljakommenteeritud
\n#juur.option_readfile('optionDB')
\n# antakse nimi p\u00f5hiobjektile juur
\njuur.title('L\u00f5uend')
\n# luuakse l\u00f5uend - Canvas, m\u00e4\u00e4ratakse k\u00f5rgus ja laius
\nlouend = Canvas(juur, width =400, height=400)
\n# m\u00e4\u00e4rame joonistusala xy
\nxy = 10, 105, 100, 200
\n# loome l\u00f5uendisse kaare vastavate parameetritega
\nlouend.create_arc(xy, start=0, extent=220, fill='gray90')
\nlouend.pack()
\n# laseme k\u00e4ima peamise ts\u00fckli, mis lihtsalt on
\njuur.mainloop()
\n<\/code><\/p>\n

V\u00e4rve on hea lisada RGB HEXis ehk kuusteistk\u00fcmmends\u00fcsteemis, n\u00e4iteks #115588
\n# j\u00e4rel esimesed kaks kohta kuuluvad punasele – 00 on k\u00f5ige “v\u00e4hem punane” ja FF k\u00f5ige “rohkem punane”,
\n9 j\u00e4rgnevad A, B, C, D, E ja F.
\n3-4 koht kuuluvad rohelisele ja 5-6 koht sinisele.
\nV\u00f5ib vaadata n\u00e4iteks tabelist<\/a>.<\/p>\n

V\u00f5ib lisada erinevaid muid joonistusobjekte:<\/p>\n

louend.create_line(105,10,200,105)
\nfor i in range(1, 30, 3):
\n    louend.create_line(0, i, 60, i)
\nlouend.create_line(0, 300, 156, 150, width=10, fill='red')
\nlouend.create_oval(200, 200, 400, 400, width=2, fill='blue')
\nlouend.create_polygon(205,105,285,125,166,177,210,199,205,105, fill='white')
\nlouend.create_rectangle(20, 20, 300, 300, width=5, fill='red')<\/code><\/p>\n

img = PhotoImage(file='.\/logo.gif')
\nlouend.create_image(145,280, image=img, anchor=CENTER)
\n<\/code>
\nEdasi elemendid, mida saaks kasutada, et programmi hiirega toimetama panna:<\/p>\n

#!\/usr\/bin\/python
\n# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
\nfrom Tkinter import *
\n#nupu loomine
\naken = Button(text='Spam', padx=10, pady=10)
\n#suurus
\naken.pack(padx=20, pady=20)
\n#hiirekursori seadmine
\naken.config(cursor='gumby')
\n#kirjastiili seadmine
\naken.config(font=('helvetica', 20, 'underline italic'))
\nmainloop()<\/code><\/p>\n

Viimaks \u00fcks n\u00e4ide graafilisest nimekirjast:<\/p>\n

#!\/usr\/bin\/python
\n# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
\nfrom Tkinter import *
\n    #
\njuur = Tk()
\njuur.title('nimekiribox')
\nnimekiri = Listbox(juur, width=15)
\nnimekiri.pack()
\n    #10 korda lisame numbri
\nfor item in range(10):
\n    nimekiri.insert(END, item)
\n    #
\njuur.mainloop()<\/code><\/p>\n

Viimaks \u00fcks p\u00f5hjalikum dialoogidega aken:
\n
\nfrom Tkinter import *
\nfrom tkMessageBox import askyesno, showerror
\nclass NewDialogDemo(Frame):
\n    def __init__(self, master=None):
\n        Frame.__init__(self, master)
\n        Pack.config(self)
\n        self.createWidgets()
\n    def greet(self):
\n        print \"hi\"
\n     def greet2(self):
\n        print \"neljas!\"
\n    def createWidgets(self):
\n        Label(self, text='Nimi').pack(side=TOP)
\n        Button(self, text='Nupp 1', command=self.dialog1).pack()
\n        Button(self, text='Nupp 2', command=self.dialog2).pack()
\n        Button(self, text='Nupp 3', command=self.greet ).pack(side=LEFT)
\n        Button(self, text='Nupp 4', command=self.greet2 ).pack(side=RIGHT)
\n    def dialog1(self):
\n        ans = askyesno('Tiitel!', 'Tekst')
\n        if ans: self.dialog2()
\n    def dialog2(self):
\n         showerror('Vea tiitel', \"Tekst\")
\nif __name__ == '__main__': NewDialogDemo().mainloop()<\/code><\/p>\n

Kontrollruudukesed:
\n#!\/usr\/bin\/python
\n# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
\n#
\nfrom Tkinter import *
\n#
\nclass Checkbar(Frame):
\n    def __init__(self, parent=None, picks=[], side=LEFT, anchor=W):
\n       Frame.__init__(self, parent)
\n        self.vars = []
\n       for pick in picks:
\n          var = IntVar()
\n           chk = Checkbutton(self, text=pick, variable=var)
\n           chk.pack(side=side, anchor=anchor, expand=YES)
\n          self.vars.append(var)
\n    def state(self):
\n       return map((lambda var: var.get()), self.vars)
\n#
\n#
\nclass Quitter(Frame):
\n    def __init__(self, parent=None):
\n       Frame.__init__(self, parent)
\n        self.pack()
\n       widget = Button(self, text='Quit', command=self.quit)
\n        widget.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH, side=LEFT)
\n    def quit(self):
\n       quit(self)
\n#
\n#
\nif __name__ == '__main__':
\n    root = Tk()
\n    lng = Checkbar(root, ['Python', 'C#', 'Java', 'C++'])
\n    tgl = Checkbar(root, ['All'])
\n    lng.pack(side=TOP, fill=X)
\n    tgl.pack(side=LEFT)
\n    lng.config(relief=GROOVE, bd=2)
\n##
\n    def allstates(): print lng.state(), tgl.state()
\n    Quitter(root).pack(side=RIGHT)
\n    Button(root, text='Peek', command=allstates).pack(side=RIGHT)
\n    root.mainloop()<\/code><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Alustuseks \u00fcks s\u00f5rmk\u00fcbarat\u00e4is objektorienteerimist: #!\/usr\/bin\/python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- #defineeritakse isik class isik:    def ytleTere(self):       print ‘Tere, kuidas k\u00e4si k\u00e4ib?’ # siit l\u00f5ppes objekti definitsioon \u00e4ra ja programm alustab oma tavalisel moel p = isik() p.ytleTere() # t\u00f6\u00f6tab ka: … J\u00e4tka lugemist →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-86","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/python.pingviinitiivul.ee\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/python.pingviinitiivul.ee\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/python.pingviinitiivul.ee\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/python.pingviinitiivul.ee\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/python.pingviinitiivul.ee\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=86"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/python.pingviinitiivul.ee\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":111,"href":"https:\/\/python.pingviinitiivul.ee\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86\/revisions\/111"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/python.pingviinitiivul.ee\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=86"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/python.pingviinitiivul.ee\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=86"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/python.pingviinitiivul.ee\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=86"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}